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Communications
Page Index
Toggle page headings
E
Ethernet
What is Ethernet Communication?
Why Use Ethernet Instead of Serial Communication?
Higher Data Transfer Speeds
Network Scalability
Longer Distance Capabilities
Reliability & Error Handling
Full-Duplex vs. Half-Duplex Ethernet
What is Duplex Communication in Ethernet?
Full-Duplex Ethernet
Half-Duplex Ethernet
Common Ethernet Protocols & Technologies
Standard Ethernet Protocols
Industrial & Secure Ethernet Variants
Ethernet Data Transmission Format
Ethernet in the Fire & Security Industry
Ethernet/
Registered Jacks
Introduction to Ethernet Jacks
What is RJ45?
RJ45 Features & Applications
RJ45 Pinout & Cable Color Codes
T568A Wiring Standard
T568B Wiring Standard
What is RJ11?
RJ11 Features & Applications
RJ11 Pinout & Cable Color Codes
Key Differences Between RJ45 and RJ11
Conclusion
Tcp Ip
What is TCP/IP?
Why is TCP/IP Important?
Standardized & Universal
Scalable & Reliable
Efficient & Flexible
The Four Layers of the TCP/IP Model
Core Protocols in the TCP/IP Suite
1. Internet Protocol (IP)
2. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
3. User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
4. Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
5. Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
TCP vs. UDP: Key Differences
IP Addressing, Subnets & Default Gateways
IPv4 Addressing
IPv6 Addressing
Subnets & Subnetting
Default Gateways
How Subnetting & Gateways Work Together
TCP/IP in the Fire & Security Industry
I
Industry Specific/
Access Control/
F2F
Understanding F/2F (Frequency to Frequency) Protocol
Why F/2F is Used
How F/2F Works
F/2F Data Transmission Process
How F/2F is Wired
Unsupervised F/2F Wiring
Supervised F/2F Wiring
Supervised vs. Unsupervised F/2F
Security Considerations
Migration Considerations
Final Thoughts
Osdp
Understanding OSDP (Open Supervised Device Protocol)
Why OSDP is Important
OSDP Message Structure
How OSDP Readers Communicate with Controllers
How OSDP is Wired
OSDP Wiring Configuration
Key Wiring Considerations
Security Advantages of OSDP
Migration Considerations
Final Thoughts
Wiegand
Understanding the Wiegand Protocol
Why Wiegand is Important
Wiegand Protocol Structure
Common Wiegand 26-Bit Format
Wiegand Data Transmission
How Wiegand Readers Transmit Data
Security Considerations
Migration Considerations
Final Thoughts
Cctv/
H264
What is H.264?
Why Use H.264?
1. High Compression Efficiency
2. Reduced Bandwidth Usage
3. Improved Video Quality
4. Wide Compatibility
How H.264 Works
1. Frame Types in H.264
2. Video Encoding Process
H.264 vs. Other Compression Standards
Benefits of H.264 in CCTV Systems
1. Storage Optimization
2. Smooth Remote Viewing
3. Enhanced Security Footage Clarity
4. Efficient Streaming & Playback
H.264 Profiles & Compression Settings
Best Practices for Using H.264 in CCTV Systems
1. Choose the Right Bitrate & Resolution
2. Optimize Keyframe Intervals
3. Enable Smart Encoding Features
4. Secure Video Streams
H.264 in the Fire & Security Industry
Conclusion
H265
What is H.265?
Why Use H.265?
1. Higher Compression Efficiency
2. Lower Bandwidth Usage
3. Supports 4K & 8K Video
4. Improved Motion Handling & Noise Reduction
How H.265 Works
1. Block-Based Encoding
2. Advanced Motion Prediction
3. Frame Types in H.265
H.265 vs. H.264: Key Differences
Benefits of H.265 in CCTV Systems
1. Extended Storage Capacity
2. Lower Network Load
3. Higher Quality Video at Lower Bitrates
4. Improved AI & Analytics Performance
H.265 Profiles & Compression Settings
Best Practices for Using H.265 in CCTV Systems
1. Choose the Right Bitrate & Resolution
2. Optimize Keyframe Intervals
3. Enable Smart Encoding Features
4. Secure Video Streams
H.265 in the Fire & Security Industry
Conclusion
S
Serial
What is Serial Communication?
Why Use Serial Communication Instead of Parallel?
Data Transmission Efficiency
Simpler Wiring
Reduced Crosstalk & Interference
Longer Transmission Distances
When is Parallel Communication Better?
Full-Duplex vs. Half-Duplex Communication
What is Duplex Communication?
Full-Duplex (FDX)
Half-Duplex (HDX)
Common Serial Communication Protocols
Widely Used Serial Protocols
Serial Communication in the Fire & Security Industry
Serial/
Rs232
What is RS-232 and why is it important?
History of RS-232
How RS-232 Works
Full or Half Duplex?
What do we mean by duplex?
What’s the difference?
Common Applications of RS-232
RS-232 Connector Types & Pin Configuration
DB9 Connector Pinout:
Advantages of RS-232
Drawbacks of RS-232
RS-232 vs. RS-485: Key Differences
Rs485
What is RS-485 and why is it important?
History of RS-485
How RS-485 Works
Full or Half Duplex?
What do we mean by duplex?
What’s the difference?
Common Ground Considerations
Common Mode Voltage
What happens if there is no common ground?
RS-485 Connector Types & Pin Configuration
Typical 2-Wire RS-485 Pinout:
Typical 4-Wire RS-485 Pinout (Full-Duplex):
Advantages of RS-485
Drawbacks of RS-485
RS-485 vs. RS-232: Key Differences
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